Review Day

In class today, we reviewed for our test tomorrow. These are the following things we should know for our test on Friday:

Emperors:
- Caligula: cruel, insane tyrant, was assassinated
- Claudius: cerebral palsy, ruled well, and poisoned by wife
- Tiberius: first emperor, didn't want to rule, left to live on an island after son's death
- Last king: Tarquin the proud
- Nero: ruled after Claudius and didn't know how to handle the fire, wanted to re-build Rome to be grand and fantastic
- Who was the first emperor? Octavian/ Caesar Augustus
Beginning of Rome/ Government:
- what was Remus and Romulus raised by? a she-wolf
- What hill was Rome actually built on? Palatine (Romulus)
- what happened in the forum? the twelve tables
- Legion: 5,000 soldiers
- century: 80 soldiers
- SPQR: Senatus Populusque Romanum
- Res Publica: the people's affairs
- democracy: people's assembly and tribunes
- aristocracy: senate (300 people)/ US: 100 senate
- monarchy: consuls
- not a tyranny
- twelve tables/ bill of rights
executive:
- two consuls/ president (VP)
legislative:
- assemblies/ house of representatives (MD has 8)
judicial:
praetors/ supreme court
264- 146 BCE:
- first punic war: fought on the water, significant for trade, Rome won (Sicily)
- second punic war: Hannibal came in from north and lays siege to Rome for 15 years
- third punic war: destroyed Carthage for good and took survivors into slavery (mercilessly)
- Scipio ended his speeches with "death to Carthage"
Patricians/ plebs:
- pater= "father" how we got the word patrician
- massive states- latifundia

Julius caesar:
- gaul
- successful military general
- cross the "rubicon" river (point of no return); started his rule

Octavian: Lepidus, Mark Antony (Cleopatra)
- "Augustus" means "exalted one"
- given the title "imperator" or emperor
- started the era of pax romana: 207 years long
- Pax Romana: Rome doing well and improving the empire

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